1
2
3

Synonym Chooser

How is the word vain distinct from other similar adjectives?

Some common synonyms of vain are empty, hollow, idle, nugatory, and otiose. While all these words mean "being without worth or significance," vain implies either absolute or relative absence of value.

vain promises

How are the words empty and hollow related as synonyms of vain?

Both empty and hollow suggest a deceiving lack of real substance or soundness or genuineness.

an empty attempt at reconciliation
a hollow victory

When is it sensible to use idle instead of vain?

The synonyms idle and vain are sometimes interchangeable, but idle suggests being incapable of worthwhile use or effect.

idle speculations

When would nugatory be a good substitute for vain?

In some situations, the words nugatory and vain are roughly equivalent. However, nugatory suggests triviality or insignificance.

a monarch with nugatory powers

In what contexts can otiose take the place of vain?

The words otiose and vain can be used in similar contexts, but otiose suggests that something serves no purpose and is either an encumbrance or a superfluity.

a film without a single otiose scene

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of vain This doesn’t mean these women are vain or superficial. Rebecca Lester, The Conversation, 12 Mar. 2025 There have been pure hammerings inflicted by a magisterial opponent, there have been vain attempts to keep the score down, there have been have-a-go failures and defensive mishaps. George Caulkin, The Athletic, 15 Feb. 2025 The heavy nature of this defeat will end any title talk, but the reality check handed out by Atalanta must not be in vain. Adam Digby, Forbes, 10 Mar. 2025 Knight’s family has spent thousands of dollars over the past decade and hired multiple attorneys trying to get his sentence reduced, but all in vain. Shirsho Dasgupta, Miami Herald, 4 Mar. 2025 See All Example Sentences for vain
Recent Examples of Synonyms for vain
Adjective
  • But my in-laws seemed not to catch this smug look of his, and when my mother-in-law excused herself to go to the bathroom, my father-in-law took the opportunity to go over to his desk and take out one of his special blue envelopes.
    Hazlitt, Hazlitt, 2 Apr. 2025
  • But those smug computers obviously haven’t seen a shirtless Illini coach Brad Underwood and his Super Soaker squirt gun.
    Paul Sullivan, Chicago Tribune, 18 Mar. 2025
Adjective
  • Impeachment of judges, however, is widely seen as a futile endeavor on Capitol Hill.
    Tara Suter, The Hill, 3 Apr. 2025
  • The confrontation ends in an electric if futile horse chase.
    Amanda Whiting, Vulture, 23 Mar. 2025
Adjective
  • The markets are already speaking: The U.S. dollar now trades for more than 1 million rials, an almost 75 percent increase from a few months ago, making the Iranian currency among the most worthless in the world (in 2015, when Iran last signed a deal with the U.S., the dollar was just 29,500 IRR).
    Arash Azizi, The Atlantic, 3 Apr. 2025
  • For his part, Zelenskyy tried to say that any agreement with Putin was worthless, as Rubio pointed out.
    Tom Zirpoli, Baltimore Sun, 11 Mar. 2025
Adjective
  • Hosted by actor & advocate Jonah Platt, a trusted expert in contemporary Jewish culture, identity, and politics, Being Jewish seeks to engage, educate, and empower listeners to take full ownership of their identities and live as their proudest, most authentic selves.
    Paul Du Quenoy, MSNBC Newsweek, 28 Mar. 2025
  • Mike is a native of Latrobe, Pennsylvania, the proud home of Steelers training camp, and graduated from American University in Washington, D.C.
    Mike DeFabo, New York Times, 28 Mar. 2025
Adjective
  • Last year, Harry’s legal action against the Home Office was unsuccessful and the court initially refused him permission to appeal.
    Christian Edwards, CNN Money, 8 Apr. 2025
  • June became hopeful that the American rescue mission would lead to a reunion with her daughter, but that was unsuccessful.
    Abigail Lee, Variety, 8 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Imagine nearly every seat in Philadelphia’s Wells Fargo Center − over 20,000 seats − are empty.
    Kymberlee Montgomery, The Conversation, 14 Apr. 2025
  • On a rainy morning, the restaurant, made up of a few four-seat tables leading to the stage area, was mostly empty.
    Eduardo Cuevas, USA Today, 12 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Ava Daniels is a young comedy writer who is unable to find work due to an insensitive tweet and her reputation for being self-centered and arrogant.
    Paul Tassi, Forbes.com, 9 Apr. 2025
  • And the villains, of course, exuding every nastily relatable emotion; the stepmothers and sorceresses are vain, arrogant, dismissive, lonely, rude, and outrageous.
    Darren Franich, Vulture, 26 Mar. 2025
Adjective
  • For most of us, our inbox goals are the same: minimize useless spam, file away messages that don’t require your attention right away, and bring urgent items to the forefront.
    Aytekin Tank, Forbes.com, 8 Apr. 2025
  • His devastating splitter would be useless without first establishing everything else in the strike zone.
    Fabian Ardaya, New York Times, 6 Apr. 2025

Browse Nearby Words

Cite this Entry

“Vain.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/vain. Accessed 17 Apr. 2025.

More from Merriam-Webster on vain

Last Updated: - Updated example sentences
Love words? Need even more definitions?

Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free!