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Synonym Chooser

How is the word vain distinct from other similar adjectives?

Some common synonyms of vain are empty, hollow, idle, nugatory, and otiose. While all these words mean "being without worth or significance," vain implies either absolute or relative absence of value.

vain promises

How are the words empty and hollow related as synonyms of vain?

Both empty and hollow suggest a deceiving lack of real substance or soundness or genuineness.

an empty attempt at reconciliation
a hollow victory

When is it sensible to use idle instead of vain?

The synonyms idle and vain are sometimes interchangeable, but idle suggests being incapable of worthwhile use or effect.

idle speculations

When would nugatory be a good substitute for vain?

In some situations, the words nugatory and vain are roughly equivalent. However, nugatory suggests triviality or insignificance.

a monarch with nugatory powers

In what contexts can otiose take the place of vain?

The words otiose and vain can be used in similar contexts, but otiose suggests that something serves no purpose and is either an encumbrance or a superfluity.

a film without a single otiose scene

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of vain Conclave depicts the Catholic church at an inflection point, with warring political factions proving themselves vain, self-serving, and hypocritical in their pursuit of power. Randall Colburn, EW.com, 27 Feb. 2025 The enlightenment championed by the May 4 and June 4 movements may have never arrived, Wang argues, but nor was the quest in vain. Philip Tinari, Artforum, 1 Mar. 2025 However, all your energy and sacrifices are in vain if your vision is empty and shallow—like a dry riverbed. Vibhas Ratanjee, Forbes, 27 Feb. 2025 Critics of Lightfoot’s change tried in vain to roll it back that year. Alice Yin, Chicago Tribune, 27 Feb. 2025 See All Example Sentences for vain
Recent Examples of Synonyms for vain
Adjective
  • While the Duttons are just barely scraping by, the smug evil-doer is enjoying a warm bath in his mansion.
    Matt Cabral, EW.com, 23 Feb. 2025
  • Most of your editorials, John Brummett, Rex Nelson, and John Deering, are blatant Trump haters, and their smug, condescending echo-chamber mindsets are constantly denigrating, mocking, and disrespecting at least 64 percent of your potential readers.
    arkansasonline.com, arkansasonline.com, 15 Feb. 2025
Adjective
  • The data suggests that market timing is not a futile exercise but a skill - one that, like any other, is unevenly distributed and requires both technological sophistication and human insight to exploit effectively.
    Steven Desmyter, Forbes, 5 Mar. 2025
  • Former Vice President Mohammad-Ali Abtahi dismissed negotiations with Trump as futile, arguing that Trump's leadership made diplomacy ineffective.
    Gordon G. Chang, Newsweek, 3 Mar. 2025
Adjective
  • This makes any concessions congressional Democrats may be able to obtain from their Republican colleagues worthless.
    William Lambers, Newsweek, 7 Mar. 2025
  • These pump-and-dump schemes artificially inflate stock prices, allowing the perpetrators to sell at a high price before the stock inevitably crashes, leaving investors with worthless shares.
    True Tamplin, Forbes, 4 Mar. 2025
Adjective
  • Jaylon is a proud alumnus of the University of Georgia.
    Jaylon Thompson, Kansas City Star, 16 Mar. 2025
  • James, the proud dad was caught on camera celebrating the win like his own team had won the championship.
    Leonard Greene, New York Daily News, 16 Mar. 2025
Adjective
  • Nash’s cousin Allene Love told the Star-Telegram that family members’ efforts to obtain answers from police have been unsuccessful.
    Harriet Ramos, Fort Worth Star-Telegram, 15 Mar. 2025
  • At least 24,000 probationary employees have been terminated since President Trump took office, the lawsuit alleges, though efforts by the judge to get an estimate from a government attorney at a hearing Wednesday were unsuccessful.
    CBS News, CBS News, 13 Mar. 2025
Adjective
  • Hide your money anywhere but your shoe; buy a solo car; don’t wander any empty train platforms.
    Amanda Whiting, Vulture, 9 Mar. 2025
  • Built in 1917 as a grand hostelry that drew a who’s-who list of visitors in its heyday, it was scheduled for renovation after sitting empty for 15 years.
    Denise Crosby, Chicago Tribune, 9 Mar. 2025
Adjective
  • The actor has one daughter with ex-wife Melanie Griffith and has been dating his girlfriend Nicole Kimpel since 2014. 05 of 09 John Lithgow as Lord Farquaad The actor behind the arrogant Lord Farquaad boasts an impressive career that began decades before Shrek came out in 2001.
    Zoey Lyttle, People.com, 1 Mar. 2025
  • Many members of its board appeared arrogant in the face of questions from the prosecutor or one of the lawyers.
    Laia Cervelló Herrero, The Athletic, 23 Feb. 2025
Adjective
  • Landing on the Moon comes with numerous complications, including an often-uneven surface and the lack of an atmosphere, rendering parachutes useless.
    Ars Technica, Ars Technica, 18 Mar. 2025
  • This was quite the useless promo, and much of what Rollins said could have been saved for SmackDown.
    Alfred Konuwa, Forbes, 17 Mar. 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Vain.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/vain. Accessed 21 Mar. 2025.

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