rat

1 of 2

noun

1
a
: any of numerous rodents (Rattus and related genera) differing from the related mice especially by considerably larger size
b
: any of various similar rodents
2
: a contemptible person: such as
a
: one who betrays or deserts friends or associates
3
: a pad over which a woman's hair is arranged
4
: a person who spends much time in a specified place
a mall rat
ratlike adjective

rat

2 of 2

verb

ratted; ratting

intransitive verb

1
: to betray, desert, or inform on one's associates
usually used with on
2
: to catch or hunt rats
3
: to work as a scab

transitive verb

1
: to give (hair) the effect of greater quantity (as by use of a rat)
2
: to inform on : turn in
usually used with out
ratted out his accomplice

Examples of rat in a Sentence

Noun a dirty old building infested by rats and mice I can't believe that rat turned us in to the police! No one understands why she's with a rat like him. Every night he goes to work out with the other gym rats. Verb The teacher knows what we did, which means that somebody ratted.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Noun
There’s something a bit slimy and a bit dirty about a kind of rat’s tail. Brian Davids, The Hollywood Reporter, 21 Feb. 2025 Four black rats were confirmed to have H5N1 avian flu in late January in Riverside County, California, where two recent poultry outbreaks were reported, the agency said. Sara Moniuszko, CBS News, 20 Feb. 2025 Meanwhile, rats can have as many as 12 in one litter, while rabbits can have as many as 14. Josh Hammer, Newsweek, 17 Feb. 2025 Gym rats push and pump weights to stay healthy and enjoy the side effect of looking buff in the process. David Oliver, USA TODAY, 16 Feb. 2025 See all Example Sentences for rat 

Word History

Etymology

Noun

Middle English rat, ratte, going back to Old English ræt (attested once), akin to Old Saxon ratta "rat," Middle Dutch ratte, rotte, Old High German ratta, radda, ratza (feminine weak nouns), also Old High German rato (masculine weak noun), probably going back to an ablauting paradigm *raþō (nominative), *rattaz/*ruttaz (genitive), *radeni/*rudeni (dative), going back to earlier *(H)rót-ōn, *(H)rt-n-ós, *(H)rt-én-i, of uncertain origin

Note: The origin of the etymon beyond Germanic is obscure. Regionally in German Ratz or Ratze are applied to other animals (as the dormouse and the polecat); if these senses are old, the application of the etymon to rats (Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus) may be secondary. Note that if the base is pre-Germanic *rat-, there is no connection to either Latin rōdere "gnaw, nibble, eat away" (see rodent) or rādere "scrape, shave" (see rase), as has often been assumed.

First Known Use

Noun

before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Verb

1812, in the meaning defined at intransitive sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of rat was before the 12th century

Dictionary Entries Near rat

Cite this Entry

“Rat.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rat. Accessed 24 Feb. 2025.

Kids Definition

rat

1 of 2 noun
1
: any of various rodents that have brown, black, white, or grayish fur and a long usually nearly hairless tail and that look like but are larger than the related mice
2
: a person who betrays friends
3
: a person who spends much time in a specified place
a mall rat
ratlike adjective

rat

2 of 2 verb
ratted; ratting
1
: to betray, desert, or inform on one's friends
didn't rat on us
ratted them out
2
: to catch or hunt rats

Medical Definition

rat

noun
: any of the numerous rodents (family Muridae) of Rattus and related genera that differ from the murid mice by their usually considerably larger size and by features of the teeth and other structures and that include forms (as the brown rat, the black rat, and the roof rat) which live in and about human habitations and in ships, have become naturalized by commerce in most parts of the world, and are destructive pests consuming or destroying vast quantities of food and other goods and acting as vectors of various diseases (as bubonic plague)

More from Merriam-Webster on rat

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