motive

1 of 3

noun

mo·​tive ˈmō-tiv 

sense 2 is also

mō-ˈtēv 

1

: something (such as a need or desire) that causes a person to act

Revenge was the murderer's motive.

2

: a recurrent phrase or figure that is developed through the course of a musical composition

3

: motif

the composition's recurring flute motive

motiveless

ˈmō-tiv-ləs 

adjective

motivelessly adverb

motivic

mō-ˈtē-vik 

adjective

motive

2 of 3

adjective

mo·​tive ˈmō-tiv 

1

: of or relating to motion or the causing of motion

motive energy

2

: moving or tending to move to action

motive

3 of 3

verb

mo·​tive ˈmō-tiv 

motived; motiving

transitive verb

: motivate

Synonyms

Noun

• content
• matter
• motif
• question
• subject
• theme
• topic

Choose the Right Synonym for motive

motive, impulse, incentive, inducement, spur, goad mean a stimulus to action.

motive implies an emotion or desire operating on the will and causing it to act.

a motive for the crime

impulse suggests a driving power arising from personal temperament or constitution.

buying on impulse

incentive applies to an external influence (such as an expected reward) inciting to action.

a bonus was offered as an incentive

inducement suggests a motive prompted by the deliberate enticements or allurements of another.

offered a watch as an inducement to subscribe

spur applies to a motive that stimulates the faculties or increases energy or ardor.

fear was a spur to action

goad suggests a motive that keeps one going against one's will or desire.

thought insecurity a goad to worker efficiency

Examples of motive in a Sentence

Noun

Their motive in running away was to avoid being punished.

I think he's guilty of the crime. He had the motive, the means, and the opportunity.

She denied that her offer to help was based on selfish motives.

Recent Examples on the Web

Noun

German authorities are investigating the incident and will likely release additional details about the suspect and his potential motive in the coming days. —Gord Magill, Newsweek, 20 Dec. 2024

Investigators have not determined a motive for the attack. —Louis Casiano, Fox News, 20 Dec. 2024

Adjective

Though more may be learned, Giacalone points out there are a number of instances where motive was never discovered — such as the 2017 shooting at a Las Vegas music festival. —Brooke Conrad, Baltimore Sun, 11 Dec. 2024

As police look into whether the words indicate a motive, armchair investigators are also endorsing the idea that the attacker was driven by anger at the insurance industry. —Emma Bowman, NPR, 7 Dec. 2024

Verb

White working-class New Yorkers increasingly felt not only alienated but also motived to express their dissatisfaction. —Longreads, 3 Oct. 2024

The very last people who aren’t really motived to change any of this are the publishers themselves. —Paul Sutter, Ars Technica, 12 July 2024

Word History

Etymology

Noun

Middle English, from Anglo-French motif, motive, from motif, adjective, moving, from Medieval Latin motivus, from Latin motus, past participle of movēre to move

Adjective

Middle French or Medieval Latin; Middle French motif, from Medieval Latin motivus

First Known Use

Noun

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Adjective

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Verb

1657, in the meaning defined above

Phrases Containing motive

• motive power
• profit motive
• ulterior motive

Kids Definition

motive

1 of 2 noun

mo·​tive ˈmōt-iv 

sense 2 is also

mō-ˈtēv 

1

: something (as a need or desire) that leads or influences a person to do something

their motive in running away was to avoid trouble

2

: motif

motive

2 of 2 adjective

mo·​tive ˈmōt-iv 

: of, relating to, or causing motion

motive power

Medical Definition

motive

noun

mo·​tive ˈmōt-iv 

: something (as a need or desire) that causes a person to act

Legal Definition

motive

noun

mo·​tive

: something (as a need or desire) that causes a person to act

Note: Motive is distinguished from intent or mens rea. Although motive is not an element of a crime, evidence of motive can be introduced to help establish intent.

Etymology

Noun

Anglo-French motif, from Middle French motif adjective, moving, from Medieval Latin motivus, from Latin motus, past participle of movēre to move