turbine

noun

tur·​bine ˈtər-bən  -ˌbīn 

: a rotary engine actuated by the reaction or impulse or both of a current of fluid (such as water, steam, or air) subject to pressure and usually made with a series of curved vanes on a central rotating spindle

Did you know?

The oldest and simplest form of turbine is the waterwheel, which is made to rotate by water falling across its blades and into buckets suspended from them. Hero of Alexandria invented the first steam-driven turbine in the 1st century A.D., but a commercially practical steam turbine wasn't developed until 1884; steam turbines are now the main elements of electric power stations. Jet engines are gas turbines. A turbojet engine uses a turbine to compress the incoming air that feeds the engine before being ejected to push the plane forward; a turboprop engine uses its exhaust to drive a turbine that spins a propeller. A wind turbine generates electricity by being turned by the wind; the largest now have vanes with a turning diameter of over 400 feet.

Examples of turbine in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web

Three cleaning modes and five accessories (tangle-free turbine tool, pet groom tool, tool holder, stair tool, and combination tool) make this upright vacuum a jack of all trades. —Yelena Moroz Alpert, Architectural Digest, 9 Apr. 2025

These fuel cells convert hydrogen into electricity and water vapor, powering electric jet turbines that achieve a peak power of 2.4 MW. —Kurt Knutsson, Cyberguy Report, FOXNews.com, 7 Apr. 2025

The firm recently planted a colossal, world-record-setting turbine in the Østerild test field in Denmark. —Joe Salas, New Atlas, 7 Apr. 2025

This system can also serve as storage for weather-dependent wind and solar: Extra electricity from turbines and panels can pump water into Sage’s wells that can be released later to produce electricity. —Alexander C. Kaufman, The Atlantic, 4 Apr. 2025

Word History

Etymology

French, from Latin turbin-, turbo top, whirlwind, whirl, from turba confusion — more at turbid

First Known Use

1842, in the meaning defined above

Phrases Containing turbine

• gas turbine
• steam turbine
• wind turbine

Kids Definition

turbine

noun

tur·​bine ˈtər-bən 

-ˌbīn

: an engine whose central driving shaft is fitted with a series of blades spun around by the pressure of a fluid (as water, steam, or air)

Etymology

from French turbine "turbine," from Latin turbin-, turbo "top (for spinning), whirlwind"