: any of several elementary particles that are postulated to come in pairs (as in the up and down varieties) of similar mass with one member having a charge of +²/₃ and the other a charge of −¹/₃ and are held to make up hadrons

Did you know?

If you were a physics major, chances are that James Joyce didn’t make it onto your syllabus. While literature majors are likely more familiar with his work, Joyce has a surprising tie to physics. In the early 1960s, American physicist Murray Gell-Man came up with the word quork, which he used to refer to his concept of an elementary particle smaller than a proton or neutron (by his own account he was in the habit of using names like “squeak” and “squork” for peculiar objects). He later settled on the spelling quark after reading a line from James Joyce’s Finnegans Wake: “Three quarks for Muster Mark! / Sure he has not got much of a bark / And sure any he has it’s all beside the mark.” The name stuck and has been used by physicists ever since.

Examples of quark in a Sentence

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During high-energy collisions of lead nuclei at the LHC, scientists can momentarily recreate quark–gluon plasma, a state of matter that existed just millionths of a second after the Big Bang. Melissa Fleur Afshar, MSNBC Newsweek, 9 May 2025 Electrons, protons and their constituent quarks… photons. Steven Strogatz, Quanta Magazine, 17 Apr. 2025 In these conditions, the quarks may arrange and combine themselves differently in situations that would be instantly unstable in any other environment. Paul Sutter, Space.com, 28 Apr. 2025 As things cooled, quarks formed and then condensed into protons and neutrons. Quanta Magazine, 2 Apr. 2025 See All Example Sentences for quark

Word History

Etymology

coined by Murray Gell-Mann

First Known Use

1964, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of quark was in 1964

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Cite this Entry

“Quark.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quark. Accessed 18 May. 2025.

Kids Definition

quark

noun
: any of several particles that are believed to be components of heavier particles (as protons or neutrons)

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