lithification

noun

lith·​i·​fi·​ca·​tion ˌli-thə-fə-ˈkā-shən 

: the conversion of unconsolidated sediments into solid rock

Joints are separations or fractures within rock formations along which no movement has occurred and may develop during the original lithification of the rock unit or as a result of subsequent earth processes.

—Don R. Murphy

Word History

Etymology

Greek líthos "stone, rock" + -ification

First Known Use

1872, in the meaning defined above