etymology

noun

et·​y·​mol·​o·​gy ˌe-tə-ˈmä-lə-jē 

plural etymologies

1

: the history of a linguistic form (such as a word) shown by tracing its development since its earliest recorded occurrence in the language where it is found, by tracing its transmission from one language to another, by analyzing it into its component parts, by identifying its cognates in other languages, or by tracing it and its cognates to a common ancestral form in an ancestral language

2

: a branch of linguistics concerned with etymologies

etymological

ˌe-tə-mə-ˈlä-ji-kəl 

adjective

etymologically

ˌe-tə-mə-ˈlä-ji-k(ə-)lē 

adverb

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Commonly Confused: Etymology and Entomology

The etymology of etymology itself is relatively straightforward. Etymon means "origin of a word" in Latin, and comes from the Greek word etymon, meaning "literal meaning of a word according to its origin." Greek etymon in turn comes from etymos, which means "true." Be careful not to confuse etymology with the similar-sounding entomology. Entomon means "insect" in Greek, and entomology is the study of bugs.

Examples of etymology in a Sentence

Visible just beneath the entries are tantalizing glimpses of the lexicographer's craft: scouring periodicals for fresh coinages, poring over competing dictionaries in search of elusive etymologies and hounding writers and scholars in the service of … "ear candy" or plain old "duh." —Margalit Fox, New York Times Book Review, 18 June 1995

Professionals have always tried to seal the borders of their trade and to snipe at any outsider with a pretense to amateur enthusiasm (although amateurs who truly love their subject, as the etymology of their status proclaims, often acquire far more expertise than the average time-clock-punching breadwinner). —Stephen Jay Gould, Natural History, February 1991

True etymology, if there is such a thing, seeks to displace our attention back in time, to roots, whereas the "popular" variety tries to update words, to familiarize them where the so-called science estranges them. —Walter Redfern, Puns, 1984

Several different etymologies have been proposed.

Recent Examples on the Web

Today, those terms are usually associated with abstract concepts involving markets and money, but their historical roots, or etymology, are rather different. —Gillian Tett, Foreign Affairs, 11 June 2019

Today’s Wordle Etymology Today’s etymology in the form of a Halloween rhyme: In times of old, in stories feared, A word arose, the ancient weird. —Erik Kain, Forbes, 30 Oct. 2024

Let the etymology simmer as the word continues to weave through various scientific, medical, and dietary contexts, becoming a versatile ingredient in the English language. —Erik Kain, Forbes, 18 Oct. 2024

She’s obsessed with etymology, matcha, and late ’90s-early ’00s romcoms. —Rocio Fabbro, Quartz, 23 July 2024

Word History

Etymology

Middle English ethimologie, from Anglo-French, from Latin etymologia, from Greek, from etymon + -logia -logy

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Phrases Containing etymology

• folk etymology

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Kids Definition

etymology

noun

et·​y·​mol·​o·​gy ˌet-ə-ˈmäl-ə-jē 

plural etymologies

: the history of a word shown by tracing it or its parts back to the earliest known forms and meanings both in its own language and any other language from which it or its parts may have been taken

etymological

-mə-ˈläj-i-kəl 

adjective

etymologically

-ˈläj-i-k(ə-)lē 

adverb

etymologist

-ˈmäl-ə-jəst

noun

Etymology

Latin etymologia "etymology," from Greek etymon "true meaning of a word" and Greek -logia "study, science," from etymos "true" and logos "word, reason"