capitulate

verb

ca·​pit·​u·​late kə-ˈpi-chə-ˌlāt 

capitulated; capitulating

intransitive verb

1

a

: to surrender often after negotiation of terms

The enemy was forced to capitulate unconditionally.

b

: to cease resisting : acquiesce

The company capitulated to the labor union to avoid a strike.

2

archaic : parley, negotiate

Did you know?

We hope you’ll acquiesce to some history about capitulate because we can’t resist. When it first entered English in the 16th century, capitulate meant “to discuss terms with an enemy; to negotiate.” Its Latin source is more bookshelf than battlefield: the Medieval Latin word capitulare means “to distinguish [text] by chapters or headings,” as well as “to stipulate in an agreement.” The original “negotiate” sense of capitulate is now rarely heard, and today capitulate typically stresses surrender, whether to agreed-upon terms or in hopelessness before an irresistible opposing force (as in “team owners capitulated to the demands of the players’ union”).

Synonyms

• blink
• bow
• budge
• concede
• give in
• knuckle under
• quit
• relent
• submit
• succumb
• surrender
• yield

Choose the Right Synonym for capitulate

yield, submit, capitulate, succumb, relent, defer mean to give way to someone or something that one can no longer resist.

yield may apply to any sort or degree of giving way before force, argument, persuasion, or entreaty.

yields too easily in any argument

submit suggests full surrendering after resistance or conflict to the will or control of another.

a repentant sinner vowing to submit to the will of God

capitulate stresses the fact of ending all resistance and may imply either a coming to terms (as with an adversary) or hopelessness in the face of an irresistible opposing force.

officials capitulated to the protesters' demands

succumb implies weakness and helplessness to the one that gives way or an overwhelming power to the opposing force.

a stage actor succumbing to the lure of Hollywood

relent implies a yielding through pity or mercy by one who holds the upper hand.

finally relented and let the children stay up late

defer implies a voluntary yielding or submitting out of respect or reverence for or deference and affection toward another.

I defer to your expertise in these matters

Examples of capitulate in a Sentence

The country still refuses to capitulate despite its weakening army and dwindling resources.

The teacher refused to capitulate: no calculators were to be used during the exam.

Recent Examples on the Web

Instead, the Board capitulated to Musk's terms and then failed to prove that those terms were entirely fair. —Josh Hammer, Newsweek, 3 Dec. 2024

Roy Evans got Liverpool closer to Manchester United across three seasons before his team capitulated in the final months of 1996-97, while Gerard Houllier got a year’s grace before the team proved itself as one that could win cups. —Simon Hughes, The Athletic, 20 Nov. 2024

At a time when capitulating to the mainstream was regarded as selling out, R.E.M.’s move to a major label stung, as if the band had sloughed off its loyalists for the teeming masses. —Marc Weingarten, Los Angeles Times, 5 Nov. 2024

And kudos to Tyler for never forsaking his outsider status for the sake of mainstream exposure, or capitulating to any hip-hop trends over the past decade. —Eric Renner Brown, Billboard, 5 Nov. 2024

Word History

Etymology

Medieval Latin capitulatus, past participle of capitulare to distinguish by heads or chapters, from Late Latin capitulum — see capitulary

First Known Use

1596, in the meaning defined at sense 2

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Kids Definition

capitulate

verb

ca·​pit·​u·​late kə-ˈpich-ə-ˌlāt 

capitulated; capitulating

: to surrender usually on terms agreed upon in advance

capitulation

kə-ˌpich-ə-ˈlā-shən

noun